Kings and Queens 2

King Hotepsekhemwy (Second Dynasty)

   §  Hotepsekhemwy was the first king of the Second dynasty of Egypt.

   §  His name means (Pleasing in Powers).

   §  Little is known about his reign.

   §  He buried at Saqqara.

 

Hotepsekhemwy

King Raneb (Second Dynasty)

   §  There is little information about Raneb.

   §  Raneb (Ra is Lord) reigned for 39 years.

   §  He is one of the first kings to incorporate the sun god's name.

 

Raneb Stela Metropolitan Museum

King Nynetjer (Second Dynasty)

   §  Nynetjer his capital (Memphis).

   §  He ruled ancient Egypt for almost 40 years.

   §  Traces of Nynetjer are found with mud sealing at Saqqara.

   §  The end of his reign seems to have been marked by poor harvests, internal tension, and possibly even civil 

            war.

   §  His name has been found on inscriptions from a number of mastaba tombs in Saqqara, Giza, Helwan and 

            Abydos.

 

Nynetjer

King Senedj (Second Dynasty)

   §  Senedj ruled for 20 years.

   §  When Senedj was in power Egypt was probably divided once again into its southern and northern parts.

   §  His tomb has not as yet been identified.

Senedj

King Seth – Peribsen (Second Dynasty)

   §  Seth-Peribsen ruled for 17 years

   §  He was buried in Umm el-Qa'ab at Abydos.

   §  His burial stelae (in the British Museum) show a Seth-creature rather than the more common Horus.

 

Seth - Peribsen

King Sekhemi – Perenmaat (Second Dynasty)

   §  Sekhemi - Perenmaat was a king who ruled Lower Egypt.

   §  At the same time that Peribsen ruled Upper Egypt.

 

Sekhemi - Perenmaat

King Khasekhemwy (Second Dynasty)

   §  Khasekhemwy his name means (The Two Powerful Ones Appear).

   §  Little is known about him.

   §  He led several significant military campaigns.

   §  He built several monuments.

 

Khasekhemwy Statue Egyptian Museum Cairo

King Sanakhte (Third Dynasty)

   §  Sanakhte (Nebka) (Strong protection).

   §  Ruling from 2686 to 2667 B.C. (19 years).

   §  Sanakhte became king by marrying a daughter of Khasekhemwy.

   §  There is a mastaba at Abydos.

   §  This is also possibly his grave.

 

Sanakhte

King Djoser (Third Dynasty)

   §  Djoser (Netjerikhet) meaning (body of the gods).

   §  Ruled Egypt 29 years.

   §  Djoser Statue is the oldest known statue.

   §  He built the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.

King Djoser Egyptian Museum Cairo

King Sekhemkhet (Third Dynasty)

   §  Sekhmekhet ruled from 2648 to 2640 B.C. (8 years).

   §  His name is carved on a cliff near (Al-Maghara Valley) in Sinai.

   §  The king has an unfinished pyramid at Saqqara.

 

Sekhemkhet

Kings and Queens

King Narmer (First Dynasty)

 

    §  The first king (3150 BC).

    §  Securing the country's borders.

    §  Developing of Trade between Egypt and Sudan.

    §  flourishing of agriculture, industry and trade,

    §  The first river fleet.

Narmer 

King Menes (First Dynasty)

    §  Some sources say he was the son of Narmer while others say he was Narmer.

    §  The first king to unify Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom.

    §  He sent ambassadors to Canaan and Byblos in Phoenicia.

    §  Establish peaceful commercial trade links.

    §  He killed by a hippopotamus or by crocodiles.

    §  He buried at Saqqara.

Menes

King Hor-Aha (First Dynasty)

 

    §  Founder of the city of Memphis

    §  First king of the 1st Dynasty at Memphis 2920 B.C.

    §  Built a dike to reroute a branch of the Nile.

    §  Buried at Saqqara.

 

 

Hor-Aha

King Djer (First Dynasty)

 

    §  His name was found in an inscription on the Wadi Halfa.

    §  He probably fought several battles against the Libyans in the Nile delta.

    §  Djer's wife was Queen Herneith.

    §  Buried in Abydos.

Djer

King Djet (First Dynasty)

 

    §  (Wadji-Djet) (Horus-Snake) (cobra).

    §  His reign 11 years.

    §  Little is known about his reign.

    §  His limestone stela was found near Abydos.

    §  Buried near Abydos.

 

Djet

Queen Merneith (First Dynasty)

 

    §  Merneith’s name means (Beloved by Neith).

    §  Queen Merneith she is the first woman in the history of ancient Egypt.

    §  Merneith Tomb at Abydos.

    §  Monument dedicated at Saqqara.

    §  A stela made of stone at the her tomb.

 

Merneith

King Den (First Dynasty)

    §  King Den since the king revived power in Egypt as an baby.

    §  His reign 50 years.

    §  Adopted the double crown to underline his dual kingship over the two countries.

    §  Den’s Tomb at Abydos applies lot granite.

Den

King Anedjib (First Dynasty)

 

    §  Anedjib name means (Safe Is His Heart).

    §  His reign 14 years.

    §  He kept Memphis as his capitol city.

    §  He carried the symbols of both Upper and Lower Egypt.

    §  His wife, Queen Betrest, was the mother of King Semerkhet.

    §  Anedjib built a tomb at Abydos.

Anedjib

King Semerkhet (First Dynasty)

 

    §  Semerkhet name means (thoughtful friend).

    §  We know very little about his reign.

    §  His mother was named Batirytes.

    §  His reign 18 years.

    §  He was interred in Tomb at Umm el-Qa'ab, near Abydos.

 

Semerkhet

Pyramids

Step Pyramid (Djoser)

    §  Djoser who commissioned the building of the Step Pyramid at Saqqara and the temple complex 

               surrounding it.

    §  This is the first building made of stone.

    §  Architect who planned and constructed the first stone buildings in the world (Imhotep).

    §  The Pyramid of Djoser built for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser.

    §  The step pyramid consisted of six mastabas. 62 meters tall. The base about 109 meters X 125 meters.

Step Pyramid Djoser

Step Pyramid Djoser Google Earth

Sekhmekhet unfinished pyramid

    §  Sekhmekhet unfinished pyramid at Saqqara.

  §  It may have been designed by Imhotep, who was active after Zoser's death.

Sekhmekhet unfinished pyramid

Layer pyramid

    §  Layer Pyramid (King Khaba) in Zawyet El-Aryan.

    §  It was left unfinished at an early stage

  §  Height 20m (unfinished), base 84m.

Layer Pyramid

Layer Pyramid Google Earth

Maidum pyramid

    §  King Huni built a pyramid at Meidum.

  §  The Maidum Pyramid is a big step forward for pyramid builders.

Maidum Pyramid

Maidum Pyramid Google Earth

Red pyramid

    §  Red Pyramid at Dahshur (King Sneferu).

    §  Red Pyramid takes this name from the red limestone.

  §  Pyramid height 104m, base 220 m.

Red Pyramid

Red Pyramid Google Earth

Bent pyramid

    §  Bent Pyramid at Dahshur (King Sneferu).

  §  Pyramid height 101m, base 188 m.

Bent Pyramid

Bent Pyramid Google Earth

Great pyramid

  
Great Pyramid is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza.
It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Khufu Pyramid is the only one still intact.
Great Pyramid was the tallest structure in the world for over 3,800 years.
Height 146m, long on each side 240m.
Pyramid consists of 2,300,000 blocks of stone, each averaging 2 1/2 tons in weight.

Great Pyramid

Great Pyramid

Great Pyramid (Google Earth)

Djedefre pyramid

    §  Djedefre Pyramid. 8km north of Giza near of Abu Rawash.

    §  The pyramid itself has a massive 49m channel cut into the bedrock to a 20m deep shaft. 

Djedefre Pyrarmid

Djedefre Pyrarmid (Google Earth)

Khafre pyramid

    §  The Pyramid of Khafre is beside the Great Pyramid of Khufu.

    §  Height 136 meters, base 215 meters.

    §  Weight of stones about 4,880,000 tons.

Khafre's Pyramid

Khafre's Pyramid (Google Earth)

Menkaure pyramid

    §  Menkaure's Pyramid is the smallest Pyramids of Giza.

    §  It was built to be the tomb of the Pharaoh Menkaure.

    §  Height is 67 meters. Length is 61 meters. Base is 108 meters.

Menkaure Pyramid

Menkaure Pyramid (Google Earth)